Thursday, September 15, 2016

The History of the Micropipette

           One of the most important tools in molecular biology, or any other scientific field, is the micropipette. This extremely valuable tool is used to draw up and dispense small amounts of liquid samples. Despite the great value of these tools, their history is not well known. Honestly, the topic of the history of the micropipette does sound boring. Trust me when I say the story is far from boring. One article depicting a brief timeline of the micropipette even has “vampires” as a specific tag. We’re not here to discuss the possibility of vampires using early pipettes as a way to draw up blood, we’re here to talk about Heinrich Schnitger.
 
Heinrich Schnitger created the first mechanical micropipette in 1957. During his time as a postdoc, mouth pipettes were still used in labs. You know, those mouth pipettes that our lab manuals and our professors always warned us about? Mouth pipetting was not a pleasant experience. There was a constant danger of accidentally inhaling harmful substances. The pipettes required great accuracy skill. They were ridiculously hard to clean, and they tended to break a lot. Schnitger was so annoyed by mouth pipettes, he decided work on a spring loaded micropipette in the middle of his research. He literally disappeared for a few days to work on a new micropipette!
 
The new micropipette was a hit in the lab. Experiments went by faster, and the pipette was not corroded by the caustic substances they were using. His boss was so impressed he told Schnitger to take a break from research to keep working on the micropipette. Eventually, Schnitger realized that the improved micropipette was getting to be a huge sensation, and he applied for a patent, which was accepted in 1961. Schnitger continued to tinker and make adjustments to make the micropipette a more effective tool. Unfortunately, he died in 1964 before his invention started to become popular globally.

Later on in the 1980s, two men by the names of Henry Lardy and Warren Gilson used Schnitger’s designs to make their own version of the micropipette in the United States. They fixed it up, made it more comfortable to use, and turned it into the micropipette we know and love today. They did all this by using loopholes in Schnitger’s patent to create their own brand of micropipette.

It was Schnitger’s unique personality, his creative way of thinking, and his love for efficiency that helped him create one of the most revolutionary tools in science. When people think of scientists, they sometimes think of these stiff, humorless people in white lab coats. What people don’t realize is that scientists are one of the most creative groups of people on this Earth. They’re curious, they’ll put themselves in harm’s way for the sake of knowledge, and they’ll break rules to make a process better. Scientists come in all shapes and sizes, with all sorts skillsets and humors. Schnitger was one of a kind, and he made a one of a kind tool.

 
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6 comments:

  1. After looking into how mouth pipettes were used, it can say that the micropipette is a huge improvement over what was basically a glorified straw. Schnitger made labs much safer with his invention and many prospective scientists may not have made it into these fields without this invention.

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  2. I think it is awesome to learn the history of a tool that has become such a staple in the field of science. Students are just taught how to use a micropipette not it's fascinating history of how it became what we know today.

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  3. I am definitely glad we do not use mouth pipettes today or I would have never taken on my project to work with DNA from decomposing cadavers, that's for sure! Interesting post. We can easily take things for granted that scientists in the past have developed for our use today.

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  4. I really like the way you wrote this! It's another great example of how scientists just make things better. I honestly have never thought about the history of the micropipette, and this really shows that a scientist never knows where the next strike of inspiration might come from.

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  5. Learning of the history of the micropipette is interesting, and gives insight to the movement away from mouth pipetting. To me the best thing about this story is Schnitger’s decision to make a reliable mechanical pipette, instead of just using a bulb to draw up the liquids into the pipettes.

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  6. I virtually knew none of this. I do remember the first set of micropipettes that I ever used. They were Gilsons. I'll leave it to other commenters to ponder what year that must have been.

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